China’s New Quality Productive Forces: Lessons for Pakistan’s Economic Transformation. 中国的新型高质量生产力：对巴基斯坦经济转型的启示。
(下边有中文翻译，请继续看到底。 谢谢。）
China’s latest initiative to accelerate the development of new quality productive forces reflects a strategic understanding of modern economic development: sustainable prosperity increasingly depends on scientific innovation, advanced manufacturing, skilled human resources, and the intelligent use of technology. For Pakistan, which continues to face challenges in productivity, industrial competitiveness, energy costs and employment, this approach offers important lessons.
The guidelines issued by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council outline 19 measures across five areas: scientific and technological innovation, integration of technology with industry, new development approaches, institutional reform, and talent development. Their central objective is to transform innovation into tangible economic value while promoting high-quality development.
Innovation as the Foundation of Growth
China’s approach recognizes that scientific research must extend beyond laboratories and academic publications to generate products, industries, and jobs. The guidelines call for stronger original research, breakthroughs in critical technologies, greater enterprise participation in research and development, and closer cooperation among universities, research institutions and businesses.
This integration is essential. Countries that successfully connect scientific knowledge with industrial production can improve productivity, develop competitive products and reduce dependence on imported technologies. China’s emphasis on artificial intelligence (AI), advanced manufacturing, digital infrastructure and emerging industries reflects this long-term vision.
The guidelines also advocate modernizing traditional industries through digital, intelligent and green technologies. This is particularly significant because economic transformation does not require abandoning existing industries. Rather, agriculture, textiles, mining, logistics and manufacturing can become more productive through automation, data analytics, energy efficiency and improved production techniques.
Technology, Talent and Green Development
Another important feature is the “AI Plus” initiative, which promotes the application of artificial intelligence across economic sectors. Properly implemented, AI can improve industrial efficiency, support medical diagnosis, optimize agricultural production and strengthen supply-chain management. China’s framework also recognizes the need for safeguards to ensure that AI remains safe, reliable and controllable.
Equally important is investment in human capital. Advanced technology cannot deliver its full potential without engineers, scientists, technicians, entrepreneurs and skilled workers. China’s emphasis on talent development, institutional reform and stronger links between education and industry addresses this requirement.
Green development is another pillar. The guidelines promote renewable energy, green manufacturing, circular production and low-carbon technologies. These priorities can support economic growth while addressing environmental pressures and improving energy security.
The 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030) reinforces this direction by identifying new quality productive forces as a strategic priority and allocating 28 of its 109 major projects to related objectives. China’s efforts to attract international investment and build global innovation partnerships also create opportunities for countries seeking technological advancement.
What Pakistan Should Do
Pakistan should adapt these lessons to its own economic circumstances rather than attempt to replicate China’s model wholesale. Its immediate priority should be to develop a coherent, adequately funded national innovation strategy that connects research, industry, education, and exports.
First, strengthen research and development. Universities and public research institutions should receive predictable, performance-oriented funding, with greater emphasis on applied research and commercialization. Public-private partnerships can help convert local inventions into commercially viable products.
Second, modernize traditional industries. Pakistan should prioritize AI-enabled agriculture, value-added textiles, mineral processing, engineering, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy. Technology adoption, quality certification and skills development would help local businesses compete internationally and move beyond low-value exports.
Third, connect education with employment. Universities, technical institutes and industries should jointly design training programmes in AI, robotics, data science, biotechnology and advanced manufacturing. Incentives for businesses to train young people and recruit skilled graduates could help address the persistent gap between qualifications and market needs.
Fourth, deepen Pakistan–China scientific cooperation. Under the second phase of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), cooperation should extend beyond infrastructure to joint laboratories, technology parks, university partnerships, industrial research and vocational training. Chinese expertise could support Pakistan’s modernization of agriculture, mining, energy and manufacturing, while Pakistani enterprises and researchers should participate actively in joint projects.
Finally, improve the institutional environment. Policy continuity, simpler business regulations, stronger intellectual-property protection, access to financing, and transparent evaluation of public projects are essential. Provincial governments should develop innovation priorities suited to their local resources and industrial strengths.
From Potential to Productivity
Pakistan possesses a large young population, agricultural resources, mineral wealth, entrepreneurial talent and an established partnership with China. Yet these advantages will not automatically produce prosperity. They must be supported by technological capability, competent institutions and consistent implementation.
China’s experience demonstrates the importance of treating innovation as a national development priority rather than an isolated scientific activity. For Pakistan, the real opportunity is to translate this principle into practical reforms that raise productivity, strengthen exports and create skilled employment.
The ultimate measure of success will not be the number of technology parks, memorandums of understanding or announced projects. It will be whether innovation improves the lives of citizens, makes businesses more competitive and builds a resilient, self-reliant economy.
Pakistan should therefore place science, technology and industrial modernization at the heart of its development strategy—and turn its partnership with China into a lasting platform for shared progress.
中国的新型高质量生产力：对巴基斯坦经济转型的启示。
中国最新推动新质生产力发展的举措，体现了对现代经济发展战略的深刻理解：可持续繁荣日益依赖于科技创新、先进制造、高素质人力资源以及技术的智能化应用。对于巴基斯坦而言，该国在生产率、产业竞争力、能源成本和就业方面仍面临诸多挑战，这一模式为其提供了重要启示。
中共中央和国务院发布的指导方针涵盖五个领域，共19项措施，包括科技创新、科技与产业融合、新发展模式、制度改革以及人才培养。其核心目标是将创新转化为切实的经济价值，同时促进高质量发展。
创新是增长的基石
中国的这一路径认识到，科学研究必须超越实验室和学术出版，真正产生产品、产业和就业岗位。指南要求加强原创研究、关键领域的技术突破，提升企业参与研发的积极性，并推动高校、科研机构与企业之间的紧密合作。
这种融合至关重要。能够成功将科学技术知识与工业生产相结合的国家，可以提高生产效率，开发具有竞争力的产品，并减少对进口技术的依赖。中国在人工智能、先进制造、数字基础设施和新兴产业方面的重视，正是这一长期愿景的体现。
指南还倡导通过数字化、智能化和绿色技术实现传统产业的现代化。这一点尤为重要，因为经济转型并不意味着要放弃现有产业。相反，农业、纺织、采矿、物流和制造业可以通过自动化、数据分析、能源效率提升以及改进的生产技术来提高生产效率。
科技、人才与绿色发展
另一个重要特点是“人工智能+”计划，旨在推动人工智能在各经济领域的应用。如果得到妥善实施，人工智能能够提高工业效率、支持医疗诊断、优化农业生产并加强供应链管理。中国的框架也认识到需要建立相应的保障机制，以确保人工智能的安全性、可靠性和可控性。
同样重要的是对人力资本的投资。没有工程师、科学家、技术人员、企业家和熟练工人，先进技术就无法发挥其全部潜力。中国重视人才培养、推进制度改革以及加强教育与产业的紧密联系，正是为了满足这一需求。
绿色发展是另一大支柱。相关指南鼓励发展可再生能源、绿色制造、循环经济和低碳技术。这些优先事项既能促进经济增长，又能缓解环境压力，提升能源安全。
第15个五年计划（2026–2030年）通过将新型高质量生产力确立为战略优先事项，并将109个重点项目的28个分配给相关目标，进一步强化了这一方向。中国吸引国际投资、建设全球创新伙伴关系的努力也为寻求技术进步的国家创造了机遇。
巴基斯坦应采取的措施
巴基斯坦应根据自身经济状况吸取这些经验教训，而不是试图全面复制中国的模式。其��要任务是制定一个连贯且资金充足、整合研发、产业、教育和出口的国家战略。
首先，加强研发工作。大学和公共研究机构应获得可预测、以绩效为导向的资金支持，更加注重应用研究和商业化转化。公私合作有助于将本地发明转化为具有商业价值的产品。
其次，推动传统产业现代化。巴基斯坦应优先发展人工智能赋能农业、高附加值纺织品、矿产加工、工程、制药以及可再生能源等领域。技术采纳、质量认证和技能发展将有助于本地企业参与国际竞争，摆脱低附加值出口的困境。
第三，推动教育与就业的对接。大学、职业技术院校和产业应共同设计人工智能、机器人、数据科学、生物技术和先进制造等领域的培训项目。为鼓励企业培训年轻人并吸纳高技能毕业生提供激励措施，有助于缩小资质与市场需求之间的持续差距。
第四，深化中巴科技合作。在“一带一路”中国-巴基斯坦经济走廊（CPEC）第二阶段的框架下，合作应从基础设施扩展到联合实验室、科技园区、大学合作、产业研究和职业教育等领域。中国的专业技术可助力巴基斯坦实现农业、矿业、能源和制造业的现代化，而巴基斯坦的企业和研究人员也应积极参与联合项目。
最后，改善制度环境。政策连续性、简化的商业法规、更强的知识产权保护、融资渠道以及公共项目的透明评估至关重要。各省级政府应根据本地资源和产业优势，制定适合的创新发展重点。
从潜力到生产力
巴基斯坦拥有庞大的年轻人口、丰富的农业资源、矿产财富、创业人才以及与中国已建立的长期合作关系。然而，这些优势不会自动带来繁荣，必须依靠技术能力、健全的机构体系和持续的执行落实来加以支撑。
中国的经验表明，应将创新视为国家发展优先事项，而非孤立的科研活动。对巴基斯坦而言，真正的机遇在于将这一原则转化为切实的改革措施，以提高生产力、增强出口能力并创造高技能就业机会。
成功的最终衡量标准，并非科技园区的数量、谅解备忘录或宣布的项目，而是创新是否改善了人民的生活、增强了企业的竞争力，并建设出一个具有韧性和自主性的经济体系。
因此，巴基斯坦应将科学技术与工业现代化置于其发展战略的核心，并将与中国合作转变为推动共同进步的持久平台。
(注意： 本文是用AI翻译的，或有误差。请以原版英文为准。谢谢。)
Reference Link:- https://thinktank.pk/2026/10/13/chinas-new-quality-productive-forces-lessons-for-pakistans-economic-transformation/
Zamir Ahmed Awan is the founder and Chair of the Global Silk Route Research Alliance, a think tank in Islamabad. He studied engineering at Shanghai University in the 1980s, and years later he went back to China as Pakistan's science counsellor in Beijing, from 2010 until 2016, working on science and higher education cooperation between the two countries.…
