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全球丝绸之路研究联盟

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必须不惜一切代价捍卫巴基斯坦的国家利益

By News Desk 5 分钟阅读

必须不惜一切代价捍卫巴基斯坦的国家利益

毫无疑问，巴基斯坦正经历着其七十余年历史上最严重的经济和政治危机。当前面临的挑战是前所未有的。外债已达峰值，通货膨胀、物价飞涨、政治动荡等因素，都在加剧巴基斯坦的困境。在如此严峻的形势下，国家必须以睿智和明智的方式思考。 在不损害国家利益的前提下，巴基斯坦需要探索一切可能的途径来改善经济状况和政治稳定。巴基斯坦有能力走出这场危机，过去我们也确实曾渡过几次严峻的危机。人们相信，只要我们将国家利益置于首位，全国人民团结一致，就一定能够克服任何挑战。 华盛顿方面传来了积极发展的信号，中国也在协助巴基斯坦摆脱严峻挑战。中巴经济走廊（中巴经济走廊）正成为这疲软经济的“生命线”。 值得庆幸的是，据《商业记录报》从知情人士处获悉，在前总理伊姆兰·汗访问莫斯科后，俄罗斯已向巴基斯坦外交部提交了一份为期四年（2022-2025年）的贸易与经济合作发展路线图草案，其中包括增加双边贸易额的内容。 俄罗斯驻伊斯兰堡大使馆已向巴基斯坦外交部提交了该路线图草案，该草案将刺激俄巴两国企业在双方市场上的经济活动，同时有助于两国商界加深对俄罗斯联邦和巴基斯坦市场机遇的了解。 拟议路线图的各行业详细内容如下：- 工业领域：鉴于向国有和私营客户供应整车以及在巴基斯坦实施整车组装项目的可能性，俄罗斯企业乌里扬诺夫斯克汽车厂有限责任公司（UAZ LLC）已表示有意在巴基斯坦建立此类工厂。 俄罗斯方面还提供公用设备、运输管理数字化解决方案、铁路工程产品、不间断电源系统以及其他转换设备等供应方案。 俄罗斯提议巴基斯坦就双边贸易展开磋商：- 关于与巴基斯坦在航空工业领域的合作，将探讨供应航空导航和空域控制、监视及通信系统、气象雷达的可能性，并推动“阿尔马兹-安泰”股份公司（M/s Almaz Antey JSC）与巴基斯坦民航局（PCCA）开展合作。 制药和化工产品领域的合作：计划推动俄罗斯Ozon Pharmaceuticals LLC公司产品的认证、俄罗斯药品的供应、DNA人胰岛素和Rosinsulin在巴基斯坦的注册流程，并协助组织专业机构进行检查。 俄罗斯机构“扎维德·梅德辛茨”（Zavid Medsintz）与巴基斯坦药品监管局（DRAP）将在该领域开展合作。 供应俄罗斯化工产品的可能性也是拟议路线图的一部分。两国将在石油和天然气行业、其他矿产资源开采、管道建设及相关基础设施领域开展合作。双方将扩大在巴基斯坦境内及境外海上项目的合作。 在天然气管道建设方面，拟实施的联合项目包括：“巴基斯坦支线”（卡拉奇-拉合尔）天然气管道项目；俄罗斯-哈萨克斯坦-乌兹别克斯坦-阿富汗-巴基斯坦天然气管道项目；以及瓜达尔-纳瓦布沙赫天然气管道项目。 巴方由巴基斯坦石油天然气开发公司（OGDCL）和马里石油有限公司（MPCL）负责与俄罗斯石油和天然气公司开展合作。针对巴基斯坦境内大型基础设施项目的物流和采购，俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司（Gazprom）的子公司“石油供应”有限责任公司（Neft-Snabzheniye LLC）将与巴基斯坦企业开展合作。 俄罗斯“扎鲁别日涅夫特”股份公司（Zarubezhneft JSC）与巴基斯坦MPCL公司将合作实施在巴基斯坦及第三国开发油气田的联合项目。 俄罗斯公司Rosgeo将对巴基斯坦矿产资源领域进行分析，以确定可能的合作/投资领域。双方将在拓展巴基斯坦矿产开采和加工业务方面开展合作。巴基斯坦石油有限公司（PPL）将通过其子公司博兰矿业企业（BME）与俄罗斯矿业公司开展合作。 在向巴基斯坦供应液化天然气（LNG）方面，俄罗斯公司“诺瓦泰克”（PJSC Novatek）将与巴基斯坦液化天然气有限公司（PLL）和巴基斯坦国家石油公司（PSO）开展合作。 俄方将投资建设炼油厂、升级现有炼油厂、建设虚拟液化天然气管道、建设陆上液化天然气储存设施，以及战略石油储备和战略天然气储备（作为“巴基斯坦支流”项目的延续，建设地下天然气储气库）。 俄罗斯公司Gazprom EP International B.V将为巴基斯坦的油气田生产设施提供生产设施监测系统（SPFM）软件。双方将在水电和可再生能源开发方面开展合作，包括在希奥克河上建设多功能大坝的项目。 俄罗斯企业将参与巴基斯坦电力行业的潜在项目，包括(i) 穆扎法尔加尔热电厂——对主要设备进行翻新、现代化改造和升级，使现有三台机组的单机容量从210兆瓦提高到235兆瓦；(ii) 将现有燃煤电厂机组改造为煤层气联合循环，在提高机组发电量的同时提升其效率；(iii) “达苏2号”水电站——达苏热电厂的第二期工程，装机容量2100兆瓦（建设涡轮机大厅）；以及(iv) “塔科特3号”水电站——1490兆瓦，主要发电设备的供应、安装和调试 （建设汽轮机大厅）……恐怖主义的威胁是国际社会的祸患，应通过集体行动加以应对。美国对俄罗斯实施的制裁是单方面采取的，未经联合国通过，因此并非所有国家都必须遵守。 印度正在违反美国的制裁，采购更便宜的燃料、粮食和S-400等武器。巴基斯坦是一个主权国家，需要维护其核心利益。过去的经验表明，仅依附于一个超级大国是一堂痛苦的教训，因此需要重新调整立场并探索多种选择。 我们可以与所有国家保持良好关系，并从任何国家寻求符合我们利益的目标。巴基斯坦需要充分利用所有可利用的机会。参考链接：- https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2022/05/05/pakistans-national-interests-must-protected-at-all-cost/

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Prof. Engr. Zamir Ahmed Awan
Prof. Engr. Zamir Ahmed Awan 全球丝绸之路研究联盟创始人兼主席

Zamir Ahmed Awan is the founder and Chair of the Global Silk Route Research Alliance, a think tank in Islamabad. He studied engineering at Shanghai University in the 1980s, and years later he went back to China as Pakistan's science counsellor in Beijing, from 2010 until 2016, working on science and higher education cooperation between the two countries.…

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《必须不惜一切代价捍卫巴基斯坦的国家利益》有189条评论

  1. Very nice and informative article which covered our current politicle scenario and foreign conspiracies as well as way to come out of these crises.

  2. Excellent analysis of Pakistan’s bilateral relations with other countries. The Author is justified in suggesting Pakistan to keep its national interests on the top while dealing bilaterally with any other country. China is our all times tested friend and CPEC is a an excellent example in this regard initiated by PPP government, pursued aggressively by PMLN while ignored by recently terminated government of PTI. After taking over, the PMLN led coalition government has activated CPEC once again.

    The Russian offer extended through a shared road map, mentioned by the Author needs to be pursued seriously by the Government of Pakistan, taking on board the relevant stakeholders through a wide based consultation.

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