{"id":36446,"date":"2026-08-24T09:16:54","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T09:16:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/?p=36446"},"modified":"2026-08-24T09:16:54","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T09:16:54","slug":"iran-and-the-limits-of-sanctions-why-economic-pressure-may-not-produce-washingtons-desired-outcome-%e4%bc%8a%e6%9c%97%e4%b8%8e%e5%88%b6%e8%a3%81%e7%9a%84%e5%b1%80%e9%99%90%ef%bc%9a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/?p=36446","title":{"rendered":"Iran and the Limits of Sanctions: Why Economic Pressure May Not Produce Washington\u2019s Desired Outcome.  \u4f0a\u6717\u4e0e\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u5c40\u9650\uff1a\u4e3a\u4f55\u7ecf\u6d4e\u538b\u529b\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u534e\u76db\u987f\u671f\u671b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(\u4e0b\u8fb9\u6709\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eed\u770b\u5230\u5e95\u3002 \u8c22\u8c22\u3002\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-36447\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-8.png 720w, https:\/\/gsrra.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-8-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The threat by President Donald Trump to impose what U.S. officials describe as an exceptionally severe new sanctions regime against Iran has reopened an old debate: can economic coercion achieve political objectives that diplomacy and military power have failed to secure?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The answer, based on decades of experience, is far from straightforward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Iran has lived under varying degrees of U.S. sanctions for decades. These measures have unquestionably imposed serious economic costs, restricted investment, complicated banking transactions and contributed to hardship for ordinary Iranians. Yet hardship and political capitulation are not the same thing. The historical record suggests that sanctions often weaken economies without necessarily compelling the targeted state to accept the political outcome demanded by the sanctioning power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That is the central dilemma facing Washington today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recent reporting indicates that the Trump administration is preparing an intensified economic campaign against Iran, including pressure on countries and companies that continue to trade with Tehran. Iran, however, has responded that further sanctions will not force it into submission. The broader confrontation has already demonstrated the limits of assuming that military or economic pressure alone can dictate political outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Iran should not be underestimated. It is an ancient civilization that has survived invasions, revolutions, wars, isolation, and repeated periods of economic pressure. Its history has produced a political culture accustomed to adversity. Whatever one may think of Iran&#8217;s government or its policies, the resilience of Iranian society and the country&#8217;s ability to adapt to external pressure are undeniable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sanctions may damage an economy, but they can also produce unintended consequences. They encourage countries to develop alternative trading mechanisms, diversify partnerships, reduce dependence on Western financial institutions, and strengthen domestic production. Long-term pressure can therefore generate adaptation rather than surrender.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">China is particularly important in this equation. It remains the principal destination for Iranian oil, with estimates indicating that it purchased around 1.38 million barrels per day in 2025 and accounted for more than 80 percent of Iran&#8217;s seaborne oil exports. A sophisticated network of traders, refiners and intermediaries has already emerged to manage commerce despite existing restrictions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This does not mean that Iran is immune to economic pressure. It clearly is not. But it does mean that Washington cannot simply assume that announcing sanctions will automatically produce complete international compliance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here an important legal and political distinction must be made. The United States has the authority to regulate the conduct of its own citizens, companies and financial institutions. It may impose unilateral sanctions under its domestic laws. However, U.S. sanctions are not, by themselves, equivalent to universally binding United Nations sanctions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Measures authorized by the UN Security Council under Chapter VII can create obligations for UN member states. A unilateral American sanctions programme, by contrast, does not automatically impose a legal duty on every sovereign state to terminate its relations with Iran. The legality and legitimacy of unilateral and extraterritorial sanctions remain contested under international law. UN experts and legal scholars have repeatedly raised concerns about coercive measures that operate beyond the authority of the Security Council or interfere with the sovereign economic choices of third countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This distinction is especially relevant if Washington attempts to employ extensive secondary sanctions. Such measures seek to pressure foreign companies and governments by threatening them with exclusion from the American market or financial system. They can be highly effective because of the importance of the U.S. dollar and American financial institutions. But effectiveness does not automatically resolve the questions of legitimacy, sovereignty, or long-term geopolitical consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indeed, excessive reliance on secondary sanctions can encourage other countries to seek alternatives to the existing Western-dominated financial architecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Washington also faces a changing international environment. Even close U.S. partners do not always share its approach to sanctions and foreign policy. Japan, for example, recently described U.S. sanctions against senior officials of the International Criminal Court as \u201cvery unfortunate,\u201d illustrating that even strong allies can publicly disagree with Washington&#8217;s use of economic and legal pressure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It would therefore be unwise to assume that Europe, Asian powers and regional states will uniformly embrace every new American measure against Iran. Their positions will depend on their own security interests, commercial calculations and legal assessments. Some may comply fully; others may comply selectively; still others may seek ways to preserve limited economic engagement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Iran&#8217;s other regional relationships also matter. Turkey continues significant trade with Iran, while Iraq, Oman, Pakistan and several neighboring states maintain economic or diplomatic links of varying importance. The pattern is complex, but it demonstrates that isolating a large country of Iran&#8217;s size, population and strategic location is far more difficult than issuing a sanctions order from Washington.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The real danger is that sanctions become a substitute for diplomacy. Economic pressure may be useful as leverage when linked to realistic negotiations and clearly defined objectives. But sanctions without a credible diplomatic exit can harden positions on both sides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The United States should therefore consider the lessons of history. Maximum pressure may demonstrate strength, but strength is ultimately measured by results. If sanctions impose suffering without changing policy, isolate allies rather than build coalitions, and accelerate the search for alternatives to American financial dominance, then Washington may find that its chosen instrument has become counterproductive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Iran has endured severe pressure before and remains standing. Its people have demonstrated remarkable resilience, while its state has repeatedly developed mechanisms to survive economic isolation. There is little reason to believe that additional unilateral sanctions alone will suddenly transform Iran&#8217;s political calculations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The wiser path is not endless escalation. It is principled diplomacy, multilateral engagement and negotiated solutions. A policy designed to isolate Iran must also consider an uncomfortable possibility: if pursued without broad international support, it may ultimately contribute to the further isolation of the United States itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>\u4f0a\u6717\u4e0e\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u5c40\u9650\uff1a\u4e3a\u4f55\u7ecf\u6d4e\u538b\u529b\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u534e\u76db\u987f\u671f\u671b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u7279\u6717\u666e\u603b\u7edf\u5a01\u80c1\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u5b9e\u65bd\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u6781\u5176\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u65b0\u4e00\u8f6e\u5236\u88c1\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\uff1a<strong>\u5f53\u5916\u4ea4\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u90fd\u672a\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e2\u5b9a\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u6807\u65f6\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u80c1\u8feb\u80fd\u5426\u8fbe\u5230\u540c\u6837\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6839\u636e\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u8fdc\u975e\u7b80\u5355\u660e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">**\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u667a\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u575a\u6301\u539f\u5219\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u3001\u591a\u8fb9\u53c2\u4e0e\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u8c08\u5224\u5bfb\u6c42\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002**\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e8\u5728\u5b64\u7acb\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u652f\u6301\u800c\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u5355\u8fb9\u5236\u88c1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u9884\u671f\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5267\u7f8e\u56fd\u81ea\u8eab\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u5b64\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a \u672c\u6587\u662f\u7528AI\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u6709\u8bef\u5dee\u3002\u8bf7\u4ee5\u539f\u7248\u82f1\u6587\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002\u8c22\u8c22\u3002)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Reference Link:- <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.apdnews.cn\/en\/item\/26\/0824\/axjgzmzzd00c0317e9b846.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www2.apdnews.cn\/en\/item\/26\/0824\/axjgzmzzd00c0317e9b846.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(\u4e0b\u8fb9\u6709\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u8bf7\u7ee7\u7eed\u770b\u5230\u5e95\u3002 \u8c22\u8c22\u3002\uff09 The threat by President Donald Trump to impose what U.S. officials describe as an exceptionally severe new sanctions regime against Iran has reopened an old debate: can economic coercion achieve political objectives that diplomacy and military power have failed to secure? The answer, based on decades of experience, is far from straightforward. Iran [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32920,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2],"tags":[512,33947,33908,1990,33948,63,29083,349],"class_list":["post-36446","post","type-post","status-publish","format-aside","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sample-category","tag-america-2","tag-american-sanction-on-iran","tag-counter-productive-3","tag-iran-2","tag-iran-condemns-american-sanction","tag-sanctions","tag-unilateral-sanction","tag-us-2","post_format-post-format-aside"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36446","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36446"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36446\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36448,"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36446\/revisions\/36448"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/32920"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36446"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36446"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gsrra.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36446"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}