Irony! Even United Nations Security Council (UNSC) could not stop Genocide of Palestinians. Some countries are so powerful that they default UNSC. Israel and India are defaulter of UNSC by not implementing resolutions passed by UNSC. For seven decades, their refusal to implement UNSC resolution to solve the Kashmir and Palestine issue is beyond understanding.
讽刺即使是联合国安理会(UNSC)也无法阻止对巴勒斯坦人的种族灭绝。一些国家非常强大,以至于他们不遵守联合国安理会的规定。以色列和印度不执行联合国安理会通过的决议,是联合国安理会的违约者。70年来,他们拒绝执行联合国安理会解决克什米尔和巴勒斯坦问题的决议,令人无法理解。
As a matter of fact, UN has failed to fulfil its objectives and has become paralyzed. The UN General Assembly has initiated discussions on Security Council reforms, with Pakistan asserting that the lack of consensus among permanent members hindered the council’s ability to address the Gaza conflict. General Assembly President Dennis Francis also echoed the urgency for reform, amid conflicts raging in Ukraine and Gaza. In Statement by Ambassador Munir Akram, the permanent representative of Pakistan at the UN, during the annual Debate on Agenda item 121 Entitled ‘Question of Equitable Representation on and increase in the membership of the Security Council and other matters related to the Security Council (16 November 2023), he said;
事实上,联合国未能实现其目标,已经陷入瘫痪。联合国大会已开始讨论安理会改革问题,巴基斯坦声称,常任理事国之间缺乏共识阻碍了安理会解决加沙冲突的能力。在乌克兰和加沙冲突肆虐之际,联合国大会主席丹尼斯·弗朗西斯也表达了改革的紧迫性。巴基斯坦常驻联合国代表穆尼尔·阿克拉姆大使在题为“安全理事会席位公平分配和成员数目增加问题及与安全理事会有关的其他事项”的议程项目121年度辩论会上的发言(2023年11月16日)中说;
• Pakistan aligns itself with the statement delivered by Italy on behalf of Uniting for Consensus (UfC), and we would like to add a few points in our national capacity. 巴基斯坦赞同意大利代表“团结谋共识”所作的发言,我们愿以我国的身份补充几点。
• For more than a month now, a brutal war has raged in Gaza, with blatant war crimes and genocide being perpetrated by Israel against innocent Palestinian women and children. Unfortunately, the Security Council has failed so far to stop the slaughter even after the adoption of the resolution no 2712 after five weeks. 一个多月以来,加沙爆发了一场残酷的战争,以色列对无辜的巴勒斯坦妇女和儿童犯下了公然的战争罪和种族灭绝罪。不幸的是,即使在五个星期后通过了第2712号决议之后,安全理事会也未能制止屠杀。
• It is now more evident than ever, that the primary reason for the Security Council’s frequent failure to respond effectively to conflicts and threats to peace and security is the inability of its permanent members to agree on decisive action. Adding new permanent members will statistically multiply the prospects of paralysis in the Council. The problem cannot be the solution. 现在比以往任何时候都更加明显的是,安全理事会经常未能对冲突和对和平与安全的威胁作出有效反应的主要原因是其常任理事国无法就果断行动达成一致。增加新的常任理事国将使安理会瘫痪的前景在统计上成倍增加。问题不可能是解决方案。
• The UfC remains staunchly opposed to any proposals for the creation of additional permanent members in the SC. There is no justification for the creation of ‘new centers of privilege’ within the UN, contrary to the principle of sovereign equality of UN member states. Any country seeking a more frequent presence on the Security Council should do so by subjecting itself to the democratic process of periodic election by the General Assembly. UfC仍然坚决反对在SC中增设常任理事国的任何提议。没有理由在联合国内部设立“新的特权中心”,这违反了联合国成员国主权平等的原则。任何寻求更频繁地参加安全理事会的国家都应接受大会定期选举的民主进程。
• The IGN has held constructive discussions in the previous cycle on all five interlinked “clusters” of issues on Security Council reform identified in Decision 62/557. As evident from the Co-Chairs’ revised Elements Paper, the areas of convergence have been broadened, and divergences have been further reduced through the IGN process. IGN在上一周期就第62/557号决定中确定的关于安全理事会改革的所有五个相互关联的“集群”问题进行了建设性讨论。正如联合主席修订的《要点文件》所表明的那样,通过IGN进程,趋同领域得到了扩大,分歧也得到了进一步减少。
• However, despite the encouraging progress in the IGN last year, there remain wide divergences among Member States on several key issues within each “cluster”. 然而,尽管去年IGN取得了令人鼓舞的进展,但会员国在每个“集群”内的几个关键问题上仍然存在很大分歧。
• On the categories of membership, it is essential to recall that the discussions involved not two but several categories of membership: 2 year non-permanent seats; longer-term non-permanent seats; reelect able non-permanent membership; permanent seats representing regions or individual States; permanent membership with or without a veto. 关于成员类别,必须指出,讨论涉及的不是两类而是几个类别的成员:2年非常任理事国席位;长期非常任理事国席位;可连任的非常任理事国;代表区域或个别国家的常任理事国席位;拥有或不拥有否决权的常任理事国。
• Similarly, there are proposals on the prohibition of the veto; its restriction; its suspension; its expansion (to new permanent members) and its deferment. 同样,也有关于禁止否决权的提案;其限制;其暂停;其扩大(到新的常任理事国)和推迟。
• On regional representation, the Uniting for Consensus (UfC) and the African Group have proposed specific models. In our view, the “historic injustice” against Africa, as well as Asia, Latin America, and the SIDS, must be redressed, and the unequal advantage accorded to Europe rectified. 在区域代表性问题上,团结谋共识组织和非洲集团提出了具体模式。我们认为,必须纠正针对非洲、亚洲、拉丁美洲和小岛屿发展中国家的“历史性不公正”,纠正给予欧洲的不平等优势。
• The UfC’s proposal to add 11-12 new non-permanent seats would offer greater representation to the vast majority of small and medium States, 59 of which have never served on the Security. UfC关于增加11-12个新的非常任理事国席位的提议将为绝大多数中小型国家提供更大的代表性,其中59个从未在安理会任职
• Council. Besides ensuring “equitable geopolitical” representation, a larger number of non-permanent members could balance the inordinate influence of the 5 permanent members. On the other hand, the addition of 4 or 6 new “permanent members” would statistically reduce the prospects for representation for the rest of the 182 member States. Moreover, the periodic election of the non-permanent members 4 would ensure both the requirements of accountability of Security Council members as well as the democratization of the United Nations. 委员会除了确保“公平的地缘政治”代表性外,更多的非常任理事国可以平衡5个常任理事国的过度影响力。另一方面,增加4或6个新的“常任理事国”将从统计上减少182个成员国中其他国家的代表性前景。此外,定期选举非常任理事国4将确保安全理事会成员问责制的要求以及联合国的民主化。
• We consider the African demand for two permanent seats for the Continent as being very different from the quest of 4 individual States for permanent membership. The two African seats would be understandably filled by States selected by Africa and “accountable” to Africa and could be replaced by Africa. The four individual aspirants would be accountable to no one and seek to advance their own national interests and ambitions. In any case, there are more than 4. 我们认为,非洲对非洲大陆两个常任理事国席位的要求与4个国家对常任理事国的要求大不相同。可以理解的是,这两个非洲席位将由非洲选出并对非洲“负责”的国家填补,非洲可以取代这两个席位。这四位个人野心家将不对任何人负责,并寻求推进自己的国家利益和野心。在任何情况下,都有4个以上
• Or 6 States – perhaps over 20 – which can, based on their size, defense capability, economic status, peacekeeping role and contributions to peace and security, claim the mantle of more frequent representation on the Security Council. The UfC’s offer for longer-term seats could accommodate this consideration but do so equitably. 或者6个国家——可能超过20个——可以根据其规模、防御能力、经济地位、维和作用以及对和平与安全的贡献,在安全理事会中拥有更频繁的代表权。UfC提供的长期席位可以满足这一考虑,但这样做是公平的。
• Lastly, while considerable progress has been made in promoting convergence on the Council’s “working methods”, there are several additional and innovative proposals which need to be further discussed and agreed. 最后,尽管在促进安理会“工作方法”的一致性方面取得了相当大的进展,但还有一些额外的创新建议需要进一步讨论和商定。
• It is, therefore, evident that we will require a substantive – not perfunctory – discussion on each of the 5 clusters, which are all closely interrelated. No “model” of Security Council reform can be developed; nor can text-based negotiations start, until we have reconciled the key “divergences” within and between the five “clusters”. The UfC expects that one meeting of the IGN will be devoted, as in the past, to each of the 5 clusters and, thereafter, to their inter-linkages across “clusters”. 因此,很明显,我们将需要对5个集群中的每一个进行实质性的讨论,而不是敷衍了事,这5个集群都是密切相关的。安全理事会改革的“模式”是无法发展的;在我们调和了五个“集群”内部和之间的关键“分歧”之前,基于文本的谈判也无法开始。UfC预计,IGN的一次会议将像过去一样,专门讨论5个集群中的每一个,然后讨论它们在“集群”之间的相互联系。
• We have all agreed that the Summit of the Future, to be held next September, should seek to promote the invigoration of the UN’s principal organs, including reform of the Security Council and the 5 revitalization of the General Assembly, as well as reform of the international financial architecture. My delegation will seek “balanced” progress on these objectives. Our first priority is the reform of the unequal and historically unjust international financial institutions. 我们都同意,将于明年9月举行的未来首脑会议应寻求促进联合国主要机构的振兴,包括安全理事会的改革和大会的振兴,以及国际金融结构的改革。我国代表团将寻求在这些目标上取得“平衡”的进展。我们的首要任务是改革不平等和历史上不公正的国际金融机构。
• The decision adopted by the last General Assembly session on the scope of the Summit of the Future stipulated in paragraph (e) that in the preparations for the “Pact of the Future” there would be no “duplication” of existing processes. The consideration of Security Council reform must therefore remain exclusively within the IGN process and observe all the decisions relating to its procedures, including the provisions of General Assembly Resolution No. 53/30 and Decision No. 62/557. No initiative or proposal on Security Council reform outside the IGN process should be entertained by our delegation. 大会上届会议通过的关于未来首脑会议范围的决定在(e)段中规定,在《未来公约》的筹备工作中,不应“重复”现有进程。因此,对安全理事会改革的审议必须完全属于IGN进程,并遵守与安理会程序有关的所有决定,包括大会第53/30号决议和第62/557号决定的规定。我国代表团不应接受IGN进程之外关于安全理事会改革的任何倡议或提议。
• The UfC is also a pro-reform group. We remain open to a frank and detailed discussion on ways and means of accommodating the aspirations of all Member States, the African, Asian, and Latin American groups, as well as other groups – such as the OIC, Arab, SIDS – all within an equitable and comprehensive reform of the Security Council. We are convinced that the UfC’s proposal can serve as a framework for such an inclusive and equitable reform of the Council, Madam President. UfC也是一个支持改革的团体。我们仍然愿意就如何在安全理事会公平和全面改革的范围内满足所有成员国、非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲集团以及伊斯兰会议组织、阿拉伯国家、小岛屿发展中国家等其他集团的愿望进行坦率和详细的讨论。主席女士,我们相信,UfC的提案可以作为安理会进行这种包容性和公平改革的框架。
• Ambassador Jamal Fares Alrowaiei of Bahrain, speaking for the Arab Group, emphasized the urgent need for real reform, criticizing the arbitrary use of the veto that challenges the council’s credibility. He urged member states to enhance conflict prevention efforts for greater representation, transparency, neutrality, and credibility. 巴林大使贾迈勒·法雷斯·阿勒罗瓦伊代表阿拉伯集团发言,强调迫切需要进行真正的改革,批评任意使用否决权挑战安理会的信誉。他敦促成员国加强预防冲突的努力,以提高代表性、透明度、中立性和可信度。
• Deputy Permanent Representative Nedra P. Miguel, speaking for the L.69 group of developing countries, stressed that the Security Council is “no longer fit for purpose” and called for urgent reform. She criticized the over-representation of Western countries, stating it doesn’t reflect the UN’s diverse composition or current geopolitical realities. 副常驻代表Nedra P.Miguel代表L.69发展中国家集团发言,强调安全理事会“不再符合目的”,并呼吁进行紧急改革。她批评了西方国家的过度代表性,称这并没有反映出联合国的多元化组成或当前的地缘政治现实。
It is worth mentioning that UNSC is not representative of all communities, especially the representation of underdeveloped, weak, oppressed nation is missing. It is dominated by Developed Western world and being used by some of big powers to achieve their political objectives. Even an ambassador of an aggressor country souths at the Secretary General publically, without any fear or guilt. 值得一提的是,联合国安理会并不能代表所有社区,尤其是缺乏欠发达、软弱、受压迫国家的代表性。它由西方发达国家主导,并被一些大国用来实现其政治目标。即使是一个侵略国的大使也公开向秘书长挑衅,没有任何恐惧或内疚。
Five countries, including South Africa and Bangladesh, on Friday called for an International Criminal Court investigation into Israel’s indiscriminate war on the Gaza Strip, which has left over 12,000 people, among them more than 5,000 children dead. ICC chief prosecutor Karim Khan said South Africa, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Comoros and Djibouti – all ICC members – had sought an investigation of “the situation in the state of Palestine”. Khan said in a statement that an investigation into events in the Gaza Strip and the occupied West Bank started in March 2021 now “extends to the escalation of hostilities and violence since the attacks that took place on October, 2023.” Khan, who recently went to the main crossing point between Gaza and Egypt, said his team had collected a “significant volume” of evidence on “relevant incidents” in the war. 包括南非和孟加拉国在内的五个国家周五呼吁国际刑事法院对以色列在加沙地带发动的不分青红皂白的战争进行调查。这场战争已造成12000多人死亡,其中包括5000多名儿童死亡。国际刑事法院首席检察官卡里姆·汗表示,南非、孟加拉国、玻利维亚、科摩罗和吉布提都是国际刑事法院成员国,他们已寻求对“巴勒斯坦国局势”进行调查。汗在一份声明中表示,对加沙地带和被占领的约旦河西岸事件的调查始于2021年3月,现在“延伸到自2023年10月袭击以来敌对行动和暴力升级的情况”,他说,他的团队已经收集了关于战争中“相关事件”的“大量”证据。
It is time to think wisely and act smartly to reform the UN structure. It is urged that the UNSC must respect the voices of poor, weak, small, and minorities too. A comprehensive structural reforms are prerequisite to strengthen the UN and turn it more effective to achieve its set goals and objectives, without any discrimination. Credibility and respect of UN must be restored and protected. It is urged that all nations, countries, groups and individuals may raise their voice for up-holding UN status. 现在是明智思考和明智行动改革联合国结构的时候了。人们敦促联合国安理会也必须尊重穷人、弱者、小人物和少数民族的声音。全面的结构改革是加强联合国并使其更加有效地实现既定目标和目的的先决条件,而不存在任何歧视。联合国的信誉和尊重必须得到恢复和保护。我们敦促所有国家、国家、团体和个人都可以为保持联合国地位发声。
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